المراجع
المراجع العربية:
لطرش، فيروز. (2024). فعالية الدمج التقني لتكنولوجيا الذكاء الاصطناعي لذوي الإعاقة الذهنية الخفيفة: دراسة وصفية من منظور الطاقم العامل بالمركز النفسي البيداغوجي. مجلة دراسات إنسانية واجتماعية، 13(1)، 365-378.
محمود، عمر. (2023). الذكاء الاصطناعي ودوره في تنمية المهارات الحياتية لذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة لدمجهم في المجتمع. المجلة الدولية للبحوث والدراسات في التربية الخاصة، (5)، 44-51.
مطر، أسماء إبراهيم محمد؛ وصالح، أحمد سعيد عبدالعزيز. (2021). فعالية برنامج قائم على روبوتات الدردشة التفاعلية "Chat Bots" في تحسين اضطرابات اللغة التعبيرية لدى ذوي الإعاقة العقلية البسيطة. مجلة كلية التربية، 32(128)، 669-702.
الهيئة السعودية للبيانات والذكاء الاصطناعي. .(2023) الاستراتيجية الوطنية للبيانات والذكاء الاصطناعي (سدايا). الرياض: هيئة البيانات والذكاء الاصطناعي .(SDAIA)
وزارة التعليم. .(2024) تقرير التحول الرقمي في التعليم 2024: نحو تعليم رقمي مستدام. الرياض: وزارة التعليم السعودية.
ترجمة المراجع العربية:
Latarsh, F. (2024). The effectiveness of technological integration of artificial intelligence for individuals with mild intellectual disabilities: A descriptive study from the perspective of the staff at the psycho-pedagogical center. Journal of Human and Social Studies, 13(1), 365–378. (In Arabic).
Mahmoud, O. (2023). Artificial intelligence and its role in developing life skills for individuals with special needs to integrate them into society. International Journal of Research and Studies in Special Education, (5), 44–51. (In Arabic).
Matar, A. I. M., & Saleh, A. S. A. (2021). The effectiveness of a program based on interactive chatbots in improving expressive language disorders among students with mild intellectual disabilities. Journal of the Faculty of Education, 32(128), 669–702. (In Arabic).
Ministry of Education. (2024). Digital Transformation in Education Report 2024: Towards sustainable digital education. Riyadh: Saudi Ministry of Education. (In Arabic).
Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA). (2023). The National Strategy for Data and Artificial Intelligence. Riyadh: Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority. (In Arabic).
المراجع الأجنبية:
Al-Azawei, A., Serenelli, F., & Lundqvist, K. (2016). Universal Design for Learning (UDL): A content analysis of peer reviewed journals from 2012 to 2015. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 16(3), 39-56. https://doi.org/10.14434/josotl.v16i3.19295
Almufareh, M. F., Tehsin, S., Humayun, M., & Kausar, S. (2023). Intellectual disability and technology: an artificial intelligence perspective and framework. Journal of Disability Research, 2(4), 58-70. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6339-2257
Alnahdi, G. (2014). Assistive technology in special education and the universal design for learning. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 13(2), 18-23.
Alsolami, A. S. (2025). The effectiveness of using artificial intelligence in improving academic skills of school-aged students with mild intellectual disabilities in Saudi Arabia. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 156, 104884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104884
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control (Vol. 11). Freeman.
Binmahfooz, S. S. (2024). A Systematic literature review of artificial intelligence in special education. Educational and Psychological Studies. Journal of the College of Education, Zagazig University, 39(137), 417-464. 10.21608/sec.2024.382467
Chen, X., Xie, H., Zou, D., & Hwang, G. J. (2020). Application and theory gaps during the rise of artificial intelligence in education. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 1, 100002.
Cheung, J. C. W., Ni, M., Tam, A. Y. C., Chan, T. T. C., Cheung, A. K. Y., Tsang, O. Y. H., ... & Wong, D. W. C. (2022). Virtual reality based multiple life skill training for intellectual disability: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Engineered Regeneration, 3(2), 121-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engreg.2022.03.003
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS quarterly, 319-340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
Harkins-Brown, A. R., Carling, L. Z., & Peloff, D. C. (2025). Artificial Intelligence in Special Education. Encyclopedia, 5(1), 11. 10.3390/encyclopedia5010011
Holmes, W., Bialik, M., & Fadel, C. (2019). Artificial intelligence in education promises and implications for teaching and learning. Center for Curriculum Redesign.
Keepers, G. A., Fochtmann, L. J., Anzia, J. M., Benjamin, S., Lyness, J. M., Mojtabai, R., ... & Medicus, J. (2024). The American Psychiatric Association practice guideline for the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 181(11), 1024-1028. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.24181010
Khasawneh, M. A. (2024). Evaluating the efficacy of tablet-based assistive technology in Saudi special education settings. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 23(6), 547-561. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.23.6.25.
Luckin, R. (2018). Machine Learning and Human Intelligence. The future of education for the 21st century. UCL institute of education press.
Miao, F., & Holmes, W. (2021). Artificial intelligence and education. Guidance for policy-makers.
Michalski, S. C., Gallomarino, N. C., Szpak, A., May, K. W., Lee, G., Ellison, C., & Loetscher, T. (2023). Improving real-world skills in people with intellectual disabilities: an immersive virtual reality intervention. Virtual Reality, 27(4), 3521-3532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-023-00759-2.
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers college record, 108(6), 1017-1054. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x
Redecker, C., & Punie, Y. (2017). Digital competence of educators. Edited by Yves Punie.
Schalock, R. L., Luckasson, R., & Tassé, M. J. (2021). An overview of intellectual disability: Definition, diagnosis, classification, and systems of supports. American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 126(6), 439-442. https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-126.6.439
Teo, T. (2011). Factors influencing teachers’ intention to use technology: Model development and test. Computers & Education, 57(4), 2432-2440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.06.008
Tomatzky, L. G., & Fleischer, M. (1990). The processes of technological innovation Lexington Books. Lexington MA, 1990.
Wang, Z., Wang, Y., Zeng, Y., Su, J., & Li, Z. (2025). An investigation into the acceptance of intelligent care systems: an extended technology acceptance model (TAM). Scientific Reports, 15(1), 17912. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02746-w