المقاصد النَّحوية عند الإمام الشَّاطبي (790هـ)

Grammatical Objectives According to lmam Al-Shatibi (D. 790 AH)

Abstract

Al-Sh??ib? (D. 790 AH) was able to compile the foundational principles and objectives of grammar in his commentary on the book Alfiyyah of Imam Jam?l al-D?n Ibn M?lik (D. 672 AH). The result was his book Al-Maq??id al-Sh?fiyah f? Shar? al-Khul??ah al-K?fiyah, in which he gathered both the communicative purposes of the Arabs in their speech and the aims of the grammarians in explaining that speech.

Al-Sh??ib? had clear and deliberate objectives in this commentary, which were evident throughout the work and grounded in a sound methodological approach. From the very beginning of his explanation of Ibn M?lik’s Alfiyyah to the end of the poem, Al-Sh??ib? consistently followed these aims. This study sheds light on those objectives by examining them through a close analysis of the grammatical chapters in the text. In order to extract representative examples that span all chapters of the book, this study identifies recurring patterns that reflect Al-Sh??ib?’s methodological approach to grammatical issues. These examples reveal his distinctive method in addressing grammatical questions, particularly his critical engagement with divergent views among grammarians. Furthermore, they highlight his evaluative reading of Ibn M?lik’s Alfiyyah through objections, critical inquiries, and interpretative clarifications. Collectively, these elements contribute to positioning Al-Sh??ib?’s work as a scholarly encyclopedia that enriched the Arabic grammatical tradition, It combined methodological soundness, eloquent expression, and the authenticity of its scholarly content. Therefore, the researcher recommends further study of the aims of grammarians as reflected in their works—clarifying their methodological approaches, their perspectives on those who comment on their writings, and their strategies for evaluating grammatical discourse and presenting its issues. 

Keywords: Al-Sh??ib? – Objectives (Maq??id) – Grammar.

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